I used starched fabric combined with an iron to press the pleats of the fan, then stitched between the peaks and valleys of the pleats.

I used a traditional Chinese stitching technique for making garments, which is similar to the method Koreans use for making Jogakbo. One side has a straight line effect, while the other side has a diagonal line effect. This stitching method is very convenient and efficient for joining two layers of fabric. 

The other side I found that using a triangular stitching technique, working layer by layer from top to bottom, was the most reasonable approach.

After completing the needlework on the fan surface, I am also considering using needle and thread instead of glue to attach the fan sticks to the fan surface. I drew inspiration from hand-binding techniques found in books.